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Friday, December 22, 2017

Curious Facts from the Past

Curious Facts from the Past


The most colossal understatement in History: François Marie Voltaire (1694-1778), famed French writer and philosopher, who on learning that Canada had been taken from France by Britain, said it was no great loss after all, Canada was only “a few acres of snow”.

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Moustaches were worn by almost all of the early members of the North West mounted police (R.C.M.P.). The reason, as given by an inspector of the time, was that the men believed shading the upper lip weakened the eyes.

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A horrible hobbler was used in jails and penitentiaries in the 19th century. Known as the Oregon boot it weighed 4-5 kg around its top was a circular 6-8 kg weight that locked around a convict’s leg.

Historical Park in Toronto. Photo by Elena


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It’s not that long ago that policemen in Canada’s large cities wore uniforms the same as those of British bobbies.

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Queen Victoria: Strange as it may seem in these days of instant communications, it was more than a month after the death of William IV, in 1837 before Canada learned its sovereign was no longer William, but Victoria.

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The man who had a premonition of his own death: Recorded only by the name of Carpenter, he was with a party of Overlanders on their way to the British Columbia gold fields in 1862, when they reached turbulent rapids in the Fraser River. He hung his coat on a tree before heading into the rapids where he was lost in the swirling water. Later a note was found in his coat pocket. It read: “arrived this day at the canyon at 10a.m. and drowned running the canoe down. Good keep my poor wife.

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The first motor vehicle license plates in Canada (issued by Ontario) in 1903 were made of patent leather.

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Canada’s first games of golf: After the Arduous siege of Quebec in 1759, Highland officers of Wolfe’s army relaxed by playing games of golf, a sport developed many years previously in their Scottish homeland. There were the first games of golf to be played in Canada.

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Mud in the eye of officialdom. In 1856, one John Butt arrived in Victoria, British Columbia, and took up the job of cleaning streets under separate contracts. Some time later officials discovered they were being conned. Butt’s modus operandi consisted of loading his cart on Government Street, then driving around the corner to Yates Street, where he sully let the mud and filth ooze out. Returning with more loads he disposed of them the same way. After clearing up Government Street he would obtain a contract for the mud he had deposited on Yates Street, than cart it back to Government Street and so on…

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How prehistoric wealth was found: In pre-confederation days, prospectors crossing Northern Ontario were puzzled by the fact than their compasses spun crazily in the area of present day Sudbury. The mystery was solved in the 1880th when construction gangs were dynamiting their way through pre-Cambrian rock to lay a road bed for the C.R.R. The found nickel deposits so vast in scope that it staggered the imagination of the world.

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Uniformity of weights and measures throughout Canada was first provided by Act of Parliament in 1873.

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A Norwegian captain Roald Amundsen completed in 1906 the first traverse of the long sought Northwest passage through the Polar seas in his little ship the Gjoa

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Thomas Ricketts, a private in the Royal Newfoundland Regiment during World War I became, at age 17, the youngest soldier ever to win the Victoria Cross.

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Sable Island, the Graveyard of the Atlantic, Off the South-East Coast of Nova Scotia is given that descriptive title by mariners. Today it is the home of wild ponies, but since it was first charted about 450 years ago it has shared and destroyed over 500 ships with a loss of 10,000 lives. Authentic sources say that millions of dollars in gold lie in ships strongboxes beneath the boiling surface.

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The Frozen Dutchman: Far in the Arctic on the shores of Frobisher Bay, a Geodetic survey party in 1902 uncovered a tomb. It contained a dead man with papers identifying him as Derrick Van Laan of Holland, a whaler, who died July 11, 1740. He had remained in a perfectly preserved state for 162 years. The tomb was released and presumably Derrick Van Laan remains refrigerated after 234 years.

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Macabre mementoes: When Dr. William King of Brighton, Ontario was hanged 1n 1859 for the murder of his wife, the relatives of the murdered woman cut up the hangman’s rope and kept the pieces as souvenirs.

Montreal, Levesque avenue. Photo by Elena.

The Cameleon and the Magic Wand

The Cameleon and the Magic Wand


Once upon a time there was a chameleon. On his birthday he got a wand, but it didn’t come with instructions. He wanted to test it on an apple, so he got an apple, he touched the apple with the magic wand and it turned purple with yellow polka dots on it. He thought it was cool so he wanted to show it to everybody in town. So he turned himself invisible, got the magic wand and in a very short amount of time he touched everybody in town and they turned to colors that were not supposed to be and everybody got angry.

Then the meat mob came along and then the pomegranate police came. They started chasing the chameleon all around until he finally had no more place to go except for the museum. He ran straight through the museum but then he did not watch where he was running so his head crashed right into a dog picture.

He got humiliated and everybody started laughing but he couldn’t figure out why, so he looked in the mirror he got embarrassed because instead of his top hat there appeared his underwear! Because the magic wand touched him, it flipped out of his hand.

Masha's flowers. Photo: Elena

Then he turned so many different patterns chest patterns, underwear patterns, zebra patterns and all the type of patterns that he can think of. He was so humiliated!

Then the pomegranate police said “You are lucky for today so were going to let you go.” But the wand people who gave him the wand said “That is not for you that’s for the apple!” Then they took the wand from the chameleon and gave it to the apple then the apple said “Cool! I have a wand!” He started to touch everybody then they turned completely normal, except for the chameleon, he started to cry home.

Story written and read by Masha, 9

Country Kids Trail

Country Kids Trail

Black Creek Pioneer Village


There’s plenty to see and do for young children in the Black Creek Pionner Village of Toronto, and the Country Kids Trail is a perfect place to start. This route includes ten stops around the Village with an activity at each location, and visitors can let their children lead the way and go at whatever pace suites their energy and mood.

Burwick House and Stable: Kids can take a lesson in etiquette to be a proper lady or gentleman – and then visit the stable yard to meet Clydesdale Horses and the geese.

Roblin`s Mill: Kids become detectives! They search the Mill to discover how grain becomes flour.

Blacksmith Shop: They try to solve the Blacksmith`s puzzles and watch the sparks fly while the Blacksmith works at the forge.

Hands on History Center in the Dominion Carriage Works: Kids jump into pioneer times, build a log cabin, dress up, weave on a giant weaving wall, and shingle a roof.

Half Way House Inn: Play a game in the tap room and then follow your nose to the kitchen.

Stong Family First House: Get greasy! Tease, card, and twist the sheep`s fool into yarn.

Daniel Stong`s Piggery: Meet the Berkshire pigs and say hello to the fowl, – another name for birds. How many different types of birds can you find?

Daniel Stong`s Grain Barn Pasture: Meet the sheep and watch them in action! Can you find the apple cellar? It`s hidden in plain sight!

Tinsmith Shop: Drop by the Tinsmith shop and try your hand at working with tin.

Photographer`s Studio: Dress up in pioneer clothes and take your photo in a real pioneer setting!

Printing letters. Photo by Elena

Example of a Country Kids Trail: Printing. In the 1860s, people believed that men should earn money to support their families. They should also read newspapers and know what was going on in the world. People thought it was funny if a woman wanted to do either of these things. Do we think it is funny today if a girl wants to read or make a newspaper? Some men worked in the printing office. Their job was to make the newspaper for other men to read. One job in the printing office was setting type. Each piece of type had an upside down letter on it. The typesetter had to learn to read these strange-looking letters. Try your hand! Can you read the magnetic type that is in the bucket? Try setting the letters together to spell you name – The letter on a piece of type might look like this; What letter is this? What is wrong with this letter? What happens if you look at this letter in the mirror? Using the magnetic letters and board, set type to print “Black Creek”.

RoseBlacksmith. Photo by Elena

Rose Blacksmith: Manufacturers of Scythes & Forks, hoes, rakes &c. & c. Nobleton, Canada West Established in 1855. Black Creek Printing Office. Greey’s Ales & Porter. Spadina Brewery, Toronto. S. Greey having had many years’ experience in a first class Brewery in England, is prepared to supply superior Ale & Porter in Cask or Bottle. Specially suited for invalids, being perfectly free from adulterations. Orders by post, and St Davis corner of King and 1 Bay streets. Toronto, March 12, 1860. Black Creek Printing Office.

Blacksmithing. Blacksmiths make items out of iron. The blacksmith heats the iron in the forge and as it heats up, iron becomes easier to bend. Once it is hot, the blacksmith bangs the iron with a hammer to bend and shape it. Blacksmith’s puzzle: In Black Creek Pioneer Village, blacksmith makes a puzzle and kids try to get the ring off and put it back on again.

Blacksmith Trade. Photo by Elena

From the undersigned, in June last, Robert Hix, a regular indented apprentice to the Blacksmith trade. This is to caution all persons from employing or harbouring him. And any one giving information concerning him shall receive one penny reward. Josiah Bennett. Black Creek Villa, 28th August 1867.

Swine Notice. Photo by Elena

The owners of Swine running at large in the Village of Black Creek are hereby notified, that the By-law imposing fines on such owners will be enforced, and the Swine will also be impounded according to Law. By order of the Reeve. John Rogers, Clerk. Council Chamber, Black Creek. Black Creek Printing Office. 1867.

Needlework. Try your hand. Photo by Elena

Needlework : Girls were encouraged to do needlework because it taught them to sit quietly, pay attention to detail, and work patiently. People believed that these were important qualities in a girl. Boys were encouraged to play baseball because it taught them to be a team member, build their muscles, and develop a sense of fair play. People believed these were important qualities in a boy. Try your hand: Using a wooden needle follow the numbers and stitch by sending the needle up through a hole, and back down through another hole, and so on. Would you rather play baseball or do needlework? Would you like to do both?

Victorian Games. Photo by Elena

Victorian Games. People played many board and card games in the 1800th. Some of the games, like Patience and Poker are still popular today. Try your hand: Try playing crokinole, a game that was invented in the 1800s. Player A: Flick the game piece toward the centre of the board. Try to get it close to the hole. Player B: Flicks another piece. Try to move Player A’s piece while making sure you land closer to the hole.

Penmanship. Photo by Elena

Penmanship: Both boys and girls went to school in the 1860s but some of the subjects they studied were different. One of the subjects, that both girls and boys studied was penmanship. It was very important for children to learn to write properly because neat handwriting showed that they had received a good education. They practiced writing until it looked just like the letters on the board below. Try your hand! Practice writing your name by copying these letters.

McGill University

McGill University


Founded in 1821, McGill University is a public university located in Montreal. The university bears the name of James McGill, a prominent merchant from Glasgow, Scotland, whose bequest formed the beginning of the university. McGill University was chartered 46 years before the Canadian Confederation, making it the oldest university in Quebec.

Sir John William Dawson, McGill’s principal from 1855 to 1893, is credited with transforming the institution into a modern university. He recruited the aid of Montreal’s wealthiest citizens, many of whom donated property and funding needed to construct the campus buildings. Their names adorn many of the campus’s prominent buildings.

In 1885, the university’s Board of Governors formally adopted the use of the name McGill University. The Faculty of Law was founded in 1848, making it Canada’s oldest. The school of architecture at McGill University was founded in 1896. Women’s education at McGill began in 1884, when Donald Smith, also known as Lord Strathcona, began funding separate lectures for women, given by university staff members. The first degrees granted to women at McGill were conferred in 1888.

Moise Hall. Photo by Elena

In 1899, the Royal Victoria College (RVC) opened as a residential college for women at McGill. Until the 1970s, all female undergraduate students, known as “Donaldas,” were considered to be members of RVC.

Today, with 21 faculties and professional schools, McGill offers degrees and diplomas in over 300 fields of study, including medicine and law.

McGill have been recognized worldwide in fields ranging from the arts and sciences, to business, politics, and sports. Notable alumni include Nobel Laureates, three astronauts, two Canadian prime ministers, foreign leaders, Academy Award winners, Pulitzer Prize winners, and Olympic medalists.

The main campus is set upon 32 hectares (79 acres) at the foot of Mount Royal in Downtown Montreal, covering much of the Golden Square Mile neighborhood. The Macdonald Campus, is situated on forested land in Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, 30 km (19 mi) west of the downtown campus.

Although the language of instruction is English, students have the right to submit any graded work in English or in French, except when learning a particular language is an objective of the course. Approximately 35,000 students attend McGill, with international students comprising one-fifth of the student population.

Morrice pavillion: Morrice Pavilion. Morrice Hall. Islamic Studies, Drama and Theatre Program (Department of English), built in 1925.  

Morrice Hall in Autumn. Did you know that McGill University established the first post-secondary institutions in British Columbia to provide degree programs to Vancouver and Victoria. McGill created Victoria College in 1903, a two-year college offering first and second-year courses in arts and science, which was the predecessor institution to the modern University of Victoria. The British Colombia’s first university was incorporated in Vancouver in 1908 as the McGill University College of British Columbia. The private institution granted McGill degrees until it became the independent University of British Columbia in 1915. 

Graham House: Alice Graham house, 3605, de la Montagne Street and Docteur-Penfield Street.

McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Center, 740, Docteur-Penfield Street. Research plays a critical role at McGill. According to the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada, Researchers at McGill are affiliated with about 75 major research centres and networks, and are engaged in an extensive array of research partnerships with other universities, government and industry in Quebec and Canada, throughout North America and in dozens of other countries.” Annually, around 100 inventions take place at McGill. In recognition of its research quality, McGill is affiliated with 11 Nobel Laureates and professors have won major teaching prizes. McGill’s researchers are supported by the McGill University Library, which comprises 13 branch libraries and holds over six million items.

Arts Undergraduate Society of McGill University as seen from Docteur-Penfield Street. A growing number of American students are attending McGill: many are attracted to the culture and dynamism of Montreal, the university’s reputation, and the relatively low tuition costs in comparison to many top public and private universities in the United States. Almost half of McGill students claim a first language other than English. While the university is located in a Francophone province, only about 18% of the students claim French as their mother tongue, compared to 52% who claim English and 30% who claim some other language. 

James Administration Building. Each year, McGill offers over 340 academic programs and over 250 doctoral and master’s graduate degree programs. Photo : © Univers.Grandquebec.com

James Administration Buidlng. On the right side, Wilson Hall, Birks Building and Rutherford Physics Building. International students hail from about 150 different countries, with Americans comprising about half of all international undergraduates and a third of all international postgraduates. 

Central park. Strathcona Anatomy and Dentistry in the background, known as well as Strathcona Medical Building. It was built in 1907.

Central Alley and Moise Hall in the background. McGill’s student population includes about 26,000 undergraduate and 9,000 graduate students representing diverse geographic and linguistic backgrounds. Of those, about 55% are from Quebec and 25% are from the rest of Canada, while 20% are from outside of Canada (including the United States). 

Going Solar

Going Solar


People in Canada are going solar. It means Canadians use radiant energy of the sun to power their homes and businesses. Entire communities begin to use new technologies.

Indeed, according to many researchers world oil reserves will last around 50 years at the current rate of use, thus developing solar energy is an obvious choice to assure safe and relatively economic way to power our cities and villages. Solar Energy

Solar energy is energy coming from the sun in the form of radiated heat and light. This energy can be used to provide lighting and heat for buildings and to produce electricity.

The use of solar energy involve the strategic location of buildings and various elements of these buildings, such as windows, overhangs and thermal masses in order to take advantage of the sun for lighting and space heating. This strategy allows us to significantly reduce the use of electrical or mechanical equipment.

A Canadian park... the winter is coming. Photo by Elena

However, solar energy can be harnessed only during the day and only if the sunlight is not blocked by clouds or other obstacles. These technologies are known as passive solar technologies.

Today, active solar technologies that involve electrical or mechanical equipment are becoming common. In this case, solar collectors or panels are used to heat water or ventilation air for use in buildings. Besides, solar photovoltaic technology uses solar cells to convert sunlight directly into electricity.

In general, many communities in Quebec have a high solar potential. For instance, about half of Quebec’s residential electricity requirements could be met by installing solar panels on the roofs of residential buildings.

In 2003, in one of Montreal’s ecocentres (centre of ecology) was installed Quebec’s first renewable grid-tie photovoltaic (PV) system. Since 2007 grid-tie solar electric systems are available for Quebec residential use, and Hydro-Quebec allowed homeowners to use them.

The system features solar panels and a wind turbine with a battery backup system. Solar panels convert light from the sun into electricity. They may be grouped in an array.

A green street. Photo by Elena

What happens when the sun is not shining (which is the case of Quebec)? Ideally, users should have a closed-loop system. Thus, when solar panels are not generating enough power, the grid will supply home-owner with electricity. On the contrary, if a solar panel is generating too much, the excess power can be supplied to the grid. Hydro-Quebec pays for it. Excess power generated during the day can be also stored and made available at night, thus reducing significantly energy costs.

Note than there exist two main types of solar energy: photovoltaic and thermal.

The term photovoltaic refers to the conversion of light into electricity, while the term thermal refers to using sunlight to heat water that produces steam for heating a building.

Each type can be used for certain proposals. For example, solar thermal panels are the best solution for hot water heating.

However, in Quebec solar energy is still not very popular because renewable energy technologies are still relatively expensive. Subsidies are needed to improve the competitiveness of renewable energy compared with conventional fuels in the form of renewable energy credits, capital cost allowances, etc.

The Québec government has committed itself to energy efficiency through its policy entitled Energy for Québec’s needs (L’Énergie au service du Québec). Throughout Canada, renewable energy sources currently provide about 16% of Canada’s total primary energy supply, and Quebec.